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yizkor ... Yorck von Wartenburg, Johann, Graf

yizkor (Hebrew: "may he [i.e., God] remember"), the opening word of memorial prayers recited for the dead by Ashkenazic (German-rite) Jews during synagogue services on Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement), on the eighth day of Passover (Pesah), on Shemini Atzeret (the eighth day of Sukkot, the Feast of Tabernacles), and on ... ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata), South Asian tree of the custard apple family (Annonaceae), in the order Magnoliales. A penetrating but evanescent perfume is distilled from its flowers. YMCA nonsectarian, nonpolitical Christian lay movement that aims to develop high standards of Christian character through group activities and citizenship training. It originated in London in 1844, when 12 young men, led by George Williams, an employee in, and subsequently the head of, a drapery house, formed a club for the ... Yo La Tengo American alternative rock band whose sound consistently evolved over the course of more than a dozen albums, making the group a long-standing critical favourite despite its limited commercial success. The longest-running lineup consisted of singer-guitarist Ira Kaplan, drummer Georgia Hubley, and bassist (from 1992) James McNew. Yobe state, northeastern Nigeria. It borders the Republic of Niger to the north and the Nigerian states of Borno to the east, Gombe to the southwest, Bauchi to the west, and Jigawa to the northwest. Yobe state was created in 1991 from the western half of Borno state. Yoccoz, Jean-Christophe French mathematician who was awarded the Fields Medal in 1994 for his work in dynamical systems. yodel type of singing in which high falsetto and low chest notes are rapidly alternated; its production is helped by the enunciation of open and closed vowels on the low and high notes of wide intervals. Yodeling is also used as a means of communicating over moderate distances by the inhabitants ... Yodo River river, central western Honshu, Japan. The Yodo is the sole outlet of Lake Biwa, the country's largest freshwater lake, from which it issues in a southwesterly direction to Osaka Bay, connecting the Kyoto Basin with the Osaka Plain. It was a major means of transportation and communication during the Tokugawa ... Yoga one of the six orthodox systems (darshans) of Indian philosophy. Its influence has been widespread among many other schools of Indian thought. Its basic text is the Yoga-sutras by Patanjali (c. 2nd century BCE?). Yogachara an influential idealistic school of Mahayana Buddhism. Yogachara attacked both the complete realism of Theravada Buddhism and the provisional practical realism of the Madhyamika school of Mahayana Buddhism. The name of the school is derived from the title of an important 4th- or 5th-century text of the school, the Yogacharabhumi-shastra ... Yogi Bear American cartoon character, a walking, talking bear in a necktie and porkpie hat who roamed fictional Jellystone National Park. His accoutrements and personality were based on the character of Ed Norton in Jackie Gleason's television series The Honeymooners, and his byword was "Smarter than the average bear!" yogurt semifluid fermented milk food having a smooth texture and mildly sour flavour because of its lactic acid content. Yogurt may be made from the milk of cows, sheep, goats, or water buffalo. Cow's milk is used in the United States and north-central Europe; sheep's and goat's milk are preferred in ... Yogyakarta daerah istimewa (special district), south-central Java, Indonesia. It is bounded on the west, north, and east by Jawa Tengah provinsi ("province") and fronts the Indian Ocean on the south. The district includes the city of Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta kotamadya (municipality) and capital, Yogyakarta daerah istimewa (special district), Java, Indonesia. It lies 18 miles (29 km) inland from the southern Java coast and near Mount Merapi (9,551 feet [2,911 m]). Yohannes IV emperor of Ethiopia (1872-89). Like his predecessor, Tewodros II (reigned 1855-68), Yohannes IV was a strong, progressive ruler, but he spent most of his time repelling military threats from Egypt, Italy, and the Mahdists of the Sudan. Yohkoh Japanese satellite that provided continuous monitoring of the Sun from 1991 to 2001. Yoho National Park national park in southeastern British Columbia, Canada. The park occupies 507 square miles (1,313 square km) of the western and central slopes of the Rocky Mountains and is adjacent to two other national parks-Banff to the east and Kootenay to the south. Known for the Burgess Shale archaeological site, as ... Yojimbo Japanese action film, released in 1961, that was cowritten and directed by Kurosawa Akira. It was inspired by Dashiell Hammett's detective novels, including Red Harvest (1929) and The Glass Key (1931), and was patterned after American westerns, especially the lone-hero films of John Ford, and in turn Yojimbo inspired Italian ... Yojoa, Lake lake in northwestern Honduras. The nation's largest inland lake, Yojoa has an area of 110 square miles (285 square km). It is volcanic in origin and nestles at an elevation of 2,133 feet (650 m) amid forested mountains. The region is a popular tourist resort, with fishing and duck shooting ... yoke wooden bar or frame used to join draft animals at the heads or necks so that they pull together. In the early Middle East and in Greece and Rome, oxen and onagers were yoked across the horns or necks. Control of a team of yoked beasts was difficult. Furthermore, ancient ... Yokkaichi city, Mie ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan. It lies facing Ise Bay, southwest of Nagoya. The city developed around a castle built in 1470. By the Tokugawa period (1603-1867), it had become an important trade centre, with markets open on the fourth day of each month (yokka means "fourth day in ... Yokohama city and port, capital of Kanagawa ken (prefecture), east-central Honshu, Japan. The second most populous city in the country, it is a major component of the Tokyo-Yokohama metropolitan area, the largest urban agglomeration in Japan. Yokomitsu Riichi Japanese writer who, with Kawabata Yasunari, was one of the mainstays of the New Sensationalist school (Shinkankaku-ha) of Japanese writers, influenced by the avant-garde trends in European literature of the 1920s. Yokosuka seaport, Kanagawa ken (prefecture), Honshu, Japan. It lies on the western shore of Tokyo Bay, about 15 miles (24 km) south of Yokohama. Its site on the Miura Peninsula was occupied by a small fishing village until a shipyard was established there in 1865. By 1884 it had become a ... Yokoyama Taikan Japanese painter who, with his friend Hishida Shunso, contributed to the revitalization of traditional Japanese painting in the modern era. Yokuts North American Indians speaking a Penutian language and who historically inhabited the San Joaquin Valley and the western foothills of the Sierra Nevada south of the Fresno River in what is now California, U.S. The Yokuts were traditionally divided into tribelets, perhaps as many as 50, each having a dialect, ... Yola town, capital of Adamawa state, and seat of the traditional Adamawa emirate, eastern Nigeria. The town is served by the port of Jimeta (5.5 miles [9 km] north-northwest) on the Benue River, about 500 miles (800 km) above its confluence with the Niger, and by an airfield. Yola also has ... yolk the nutritive material of an egg, used as food by a developing, embryonic animal. Eggs with relatively little, uniformly distributed yolk are termed isolecithal. This condition occurs in invertebrates and in all but the lowest mammals. Eggs with abundant yolk concentrated in one hemisphere of the egg are termed telolecithal. ... Yom Kippur most solemn of Jewish religious holidays, observed on the 10th day of the lunar month of Tishri (in the course of September and October), when Jews seek to expiate their sins and achieve a reconciliation with God. Yom Kippur concludes the "10 days of repentance" that begin with Rosh Hashana ... Yom Kippur War damaging, inconclusive war and the fourth of the Arab-Israeli wars. The war was initiated by Egypt and Syria on Oct. 6, 1973, on the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur and during Ramadan, the month of fasting in Islam, and continued until Oct. 26, 1973. The war, which eventually drew ... yomihon a subgenre of gesaku, a type of popular Japanese literature of the Tokugawa, or Edo, period (1603-1867). Yomihon were distinguished from books, enjoyed mainly for their illustrations, and were noted for their extended plots culled from Chinese and Japanese historical sources. These novels were openly moralistic romances, and their highly ... Yomiuri shimbun Japanese national daily newspaper, the largest in circulation and the most sensational in editorial style of Japan's "big three" dailies. Yomou town, southeastern Guinea. It is the chief trading centre (rice, cassava, coffee, and palm oil and kernels) for a densely forested region of the Guinea Highlands mainly inhabited by the Guerze (Kpelle) and Mano (Manon) peoples. The surrounding area borders Liberia on the east, west, and south and the Guinean ... Yomut carpet floor covering handwoven by the Yomut Turkmen of Turkmenistan, usually of good to excellent quality. In contrast to Tekke carpets, there is considerable variety of design among the larger Yomut carpets. Many have diagonal rows in which a single diamond- or lozenge-shaped motif is repeated with diverse colourings. This motif ... Yonago city, western Tottori ken (prefecture), western Honshu, Japan. It is located on the delta of the Hino River, which forms the Yonago Plain. The city occupies the base of a sandspit called Yumiga Beach, which extends from the mouth of the river northwest into the Sea of Japan (East Sea). ... Yonath, Ada Israeli protein crystallographer who was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, along with Indian-born American physicist and molecular biologist Venkatraman Ramakrishnan and American biophysicist and biochemist Thomas Steitz, for her research into the atomic structure and function of cellular particles called ribosomes. (Ribosomes are tiny particles made up of ... Yonezawa city, southern Yamagata ken (prefecture), north-central Honshu, Japan. From the Muromachi period (1338-1573) to the Meiji Restoration (1868) it was a castle town of the Uesugi daimyo family. The ruling family initiated agrarian reforms by constructing irrigation systems and allowing samurai (warriors) to cultivate the fields and manufacture silk. Industrialization ... Yong'an city, west-central Fujian sheng (province), southeastern China. It is situated on the Sha River, a southern tributary of the Min River. Yongding River River, northeastern China. It rises beyond the Great Wall in Hebei province and flows southeastward through Beijing municipality. It continues through Tianjin municipality, where it becomes the principal stream forming the Hai River, which flows from the Yongding's junction with the Grand Canal to its mouth at the Bo Hai. ... Yonge, Charlotte M. English novelist who dedicated her talents as a writer to the service of the church. Her books helped to spread the influence of the Oxford Movement, which sought to bring about a return of the Church of England to the High Church ideals of the late 17th century. Yongjo (reigned 1724-76) king of the Korean Choson dynasty. A reformer, Yongjo reinstated the universal military service tax but then reduced it by half, making up the deficiency with other taxes. He adopted an accounting system and reduced an onerous cloth tax. Yongjo upgraded the status of the offspring of commoners, ... Yongle reign name (nianhao) of the third emperor (1402-24) of China's Ming dynasty (1368-1644), which he raised to its greatest power. He moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing, which was rebuilt with the Forbidden City. Yongle dadian Chinese compilation that was the world's largest known encyclopaedia. Compiled during the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) by thousands of Chinese scholars under the direction of the Yongle emperor (reigned 1402-24), it was completed in 1408. The work contained 22,937 manuscript rolls, or chapters (including the index), in 11,095 volumes and was ... Yongsan River river, southwestern South Korea. Rising in extreme northern Cholla-namdo (North Cholla Province), the Yongsan River flows southwest into the Yellow Sea near Mokp'o. The drainage basin is South Korea's most important rice growing area and was the scene in the mid-1970s of the construction of four multipurpose dams for both ... Yongzheng reign name (nianhao) of the third emperor (reigned 1722-35) of the Qing dynasty (1644-1911/12), during whose rule the administration was consolidated and power became concentrated in the emperor's hands. yoni in Hinduism, the symbol of the goddess Shakti, the feminine generative power and, as a goddess, the consort of Shiva. In Shaivism, the branch of Hinduism devoted to worship of the god Shiva, the yoni is often associated with the lingam, which is Shiva's symbol. The lingam is depicted in ... Yonkers city, Westchester county, southeastern New York, U.S., on the east shore of the Hudson River, in a hilly region north of the Bronx, New York City. The site, once a major village, Nappeckamack, of the Manhattan Indians, was acquired by the Dutch West India Company in 1639. Adriaen van der ... Yonne River river, north central France, a left-bank tributary of the Seine River. From its source in the Nievre departement at the foot of Mont Preneley, located in the Morvan heights west of Autun, to its confluence with the Seine at Montereau, the Yonne is 182 mi (293 km) long. It speeds ... Yopal town and capital of Casanare departamento, eastern Colombia. The original settlement (caserio) of Yopal was founded in 1935 by Pedro Pablo Gonzalez, and it has been the seat of Casanare intendency (now departamento) since the creation of Casanare in 1974. Located at the western edge of the Llanos (plains), Yopal ... Yorba Linda city, Orange county, southern California, U.S. The area was explored by a Spanish expedition in 1769, and in 1801 Juan Pablo Grijalva received a Spanish land grant known as Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana; Grijalva's descendants, the Peraltas and the Yorbas, inherited the land, and the Yorba family retained ownership ... Yorck von Wartenburg, Johann, Graf Prussian field marshal, reformer, and successful commander during the Wars of Liberation (1813-15) against France. His initiative in signing a separate neutrality agreement with Russia during the Napoleonic invasion of that country (Convention of Tauroggen, 1812) opened the way for Prussia to join the Allied powers against Napoleon.