| | - Quiroga, Horacio
- Uruguayan-born short-story writer whose imaginative portrayal of the struggle of man and animal to survive in the tropical jungle earned him recognition as a master of the short story. He also excelled in depicting mental illness and hallucinatory states, in stories that anticipate those of later 20-century masters such as ...
- Quiroga, Jorge
- (from the article "Bolivia") ...Meanwhile, the jockeying to succeed Rodriguez got under way. The front-runners were socialist Evo Morales, a key protest leader who had placed second in the 2002 presidential election, and Jorge Quiroga, a former vice president who had served out the term of ailing Pres. Hugo Banzer after he stepped down ...
- Quiroga, Juan Facundo
- (from the article "Argentina") ...the porteno (native of Buenos Aires) Bernardino Rivadavia as its first occupant. Civil war flared up in the interior provinces, soon dominated by Juan Facundo Quiroga-a caudillo from La Rioja who opposed centralization. When the assembly finally drafted a national constitution, the major portion of the country ...
- Quiroga, Vasco de
- Spanish bishop, social reformer, and humanist educator who founded the Colegio de San Nicolas Obisbo in colonial Mexico. [1 Related Articles]
- Quisenberry, Daniel Raymond
- American baseball player who was known for his wit in addition to his submarine-style pitches as a star reliever for the Kansas City Royals; during his 12-year American League career, most of it with the Royals, he had 244 saves, was a five-time AL saves leader, and helped the Royals ...
- Quisling, Vidkun
- Norwegian army officer whose collaboration with the Germans in their occupation of Norway during World War II established his name as a synonym for "traitor." [4 Related Articles]
- Quispe Huanca, Felipe
- (from the article "Bolivia") ...appeared increasingly at odds. Mesa received a degree of support from powerful peasant leader Evo Morales Ayma, who approved the idea of the referendum while advocating rejection of some questions. Felipe Quispe Huanca, Morales's rival, called for a boycott of the vote. Quispe resigned from Congress in June, saying he ...
- Quisqualis
- (from the article "Myrtales") ...bear opposite, simple, and entire leaves, but there is considerable variation in leaf arrangement between families and within species or even individuals. For example, within a single genus, Quisqualis (family Combretaceae), alternate leaves are borne on the stem, and opposite leaves are borne on the flowering shoots. In Eucalyptus, young ...
- Quisquis
- (from the article "pre-Columbian civilizations") Atahuallpa's armies, led by the able generals Quisquis (Kizkiz) and Challcuchima (Challku-chima), marched south and won a series of decisive victories at Cajamarca, Bombon, and Ayacucho. As they moved southward, Huascar formed another army to defend Cuzco from the invaders. His forces were defeated, and he was captured a few ...
- Quit India movement
- (from the article "India") ...merely to convey the British offer, not to modify it or negotiate a new formula. He flew home empty-handed in less than a month, and soon afterward Gandhi planned his last satyagraha campaign, the Quit India movement. Declaring that the British presence in India was a provocation to the Japanese, ...
- quite
- (from the article "bullfighting") ...forceful charges of the horse, the matador assigned to this bull will rush into the ring, attracting the bull's attention away from the picadors with cape passes called quites (from the Spanish verb "to take away"). Each of the three matadors then capes the bull, competing against ...
- Quito
- city and capital of Ecuador. It is situated on the lower slopes of the volcano Pichincha, which last erupted in 1666, in a narrow Andean valley at an elevation of 9,350 feet (2,850 metres), just south of the Equator. The oldest of all South American capitals, Quito is notable for ... [7 Related Articles]
- quiver
- (from the article "archery") ...energy required to draw back an arrow to the fullest-varies from 14 to 23 kg (30 to 50 pounds) for men and from 9 to 18 kg (20 to 40 pounds) for women. The archer usually carries arrows in a quiver, a container hung over the shoulder or slung from ...
- quiz show
- broadcast show designed to test the memory, knowledge, agility, or luck of persons selected from studio or broadcast audience or to contrive a competition among these people for merchandise or cash awards. The quiz show first gained popularity on U.S. radio in the 1930s as an audience-participation program. One of ... [2 Related Articles]
- Qujialing culture
- (from the article "China") In the middle and lower Yangtze River valley during the 4th and 3rd millennia, the Daxi and Qujialing cultures shared a significant number of traits, including rice production, ring-footed vessels, goblets with sharply angled profiles, ceramic whorls, and black pottery with designs painted in red after firing. Characteristic Qujialing ceramic ...
- Quli Qutb Shah
- (from the article "Qutb Shahi Dynasty") (1518-1687), Muslim rulers of the kingdom of Golconda in the southeastern Deccan of India, one of the five successor states of the Bahmani kingdom. The founder was Quli Qutb Shah, a Turkish governor of the Bahmani eastern region, which largely coincided with the preceding Hindu state of Warangal. Qutb Shah ...
- Qulmuhammed-oghli, Abdulhekim
- (from the article "Turkmenistan") ...Quli (Magtim Guli), it underwent a burst of growth when the literary publications of the new republic began to appear in the late 1920s and '30s. Outstanding graduates of Bukharan seminaries such as Abdulhekim Qulmuhammed-oghli (d. c. 1937) brought about a renewal of intellectual and cultural life in Soviet Turkmenistan. ...
- quma
- (from the article "Arabic literature") ...qarid and rajaz, were added several that utilized the colloquial form of the Arabic language (the quma, for example, and the kan wa kan). But the two additional forms that have occasioned the most interest among scholars...
- Qumran
- region on the northwestern shore of the Dead Sea, notable since 1947 as the site of the caves where the Dead Sea Scrolls (q.v.) were first discovered. Excavations (since 1949) at a site called Khirbet Qumran (Arabic: "Qumran Ruins"), less than a mile from the sea and north of the ...
- Qumran community
- (from the article "Qumran") ...were first discovered. Excavations (since 1949) at a site called Khirbet Qumran (Arabic: "Qumran Ruins"), less than a mile from the sea and north of the waterway Wadi Qumran, have revealed the ruins of buildings, believed by some scholars to have been occupied by a community of Essenes, who have ...
- Qunaytirah, Al-
- abandoned town in the UN-monitored demilitarized zone between Syria and Israel. It was an important regional hub and administrative centre in southwestern Syria until 1967, when it was occupied by Israeli military forces. When the Israelis withdrew in 1974, they systematically stripped and destroyed the town. The Syrians decided not ...
- Qungrat dynasty
- (from the article "Central Asia, history of") ...In the 1700s the basins of the Amu Darya and Syr Darya passed under the control of three Uzbek khanates claiming legitimacy in their descent from Genghis Khan. These were, from west to east, the Qungrats based on Khiva in Khwarezm (1717-1920), the Mangits in Bukhara (1753-1920), and the Mings ...
- Quo Warranto, statute of
- (from the article "United Kingdom") ...set up under the Statute of Gloucester of 1278 the magnates were asked by what warrant they claimed rights of jurisdiction and other franchises. This created much argument, which was resolved in the Statute of Quo Warranto of 1290. By the Statute of Mortmain of 1279 it was provided that ...
- Quoc-ngu
- writing system used for the Vietnamese language. Quoc-ngu was devised in the mid 17th century by Portuguese missionaries who modified the Roman alphabet with accents and signs to suit the particular consonants, vowels, and tones of Vietnamese. It was further modified by a French missionary, Alexandre de Rhodes. At first ... [6 Related Articles]
- Quoddy Head State Park
- (from the article "Lubec") ...incorporated in 1811. It was named for Lubeck, Germany. Lubec has developed as a commercial centre for a resort and fishing area; sardines and locally farmed salmon are processed there. The Quoddy Head State Park (the easternmost point in the continental United States) has a lighthouse originally built in 1808 ...
- quodlibet
- musical composition in which several well-known melodies are combined, either simultaneously or, less frequently, sequentially, for humorous effect. Quodlibet can also refer to an amalgamation of different song texts in a vocal composition. While simultaneous combinations of two or more melodies go back to the 13th century (motets using, for ...
- quoin
- in Western architecture, both the external angle or corner of a building and, more often, one of the stones used to form that angle. These cornerstones are both decorative and structural, since they usually differ in jointing, colour, texture, or size from the masonry of the adjoining walls.
- quoits
- game in which players toss rings at a stake, called the hob. A ring that encircles the hob scores two points for the thrower; a ring closer to the hob than an opponent's scores one. The rings are usually made of iron and weigh about three pounds, but rope or ... [1 Related Articles]
- quokka
- (from the article "quokka") marsupial mammal, a species of wallaby (q.v.).Rottnest IslandRottnest Island...sea captain, Willem
- Quonset Point
- (from the article "North Kingstown") ...1686-89 it was called Rochester. In 1722-23 it was divided into North Kingstown and South Kingstown. North Kingstown includes the villages of Allenton, Davisville, Hamilton, Lafayette, Quonset Point, Saunderstown, Slocum, and Wickford (the administrative centre).
- quorum sensing
- (from the article "bacteria") ...the individual state or the planktonic state. Bacteria that have aggregated into biofilms can communicate information about population size and metabolic state. This type of communication is called quorum sensing and operates by the production of small molecules called autoinducers or pheromones. The concentration of quorum-sensing molecules-most commonly peptides or ...
- quota
- in international trade, government-imposed limit on the quantity, or in exceptional cases the value, of the goods or services that may be exported or imported over a specified period of time. Quotas are more effective in restricting trade than tariffs, particularly if domestic demand for a commodity is not sensitive ... [2 Related Articles]
- quota sampling
- (from the article "public opinion") ...consists of a large population that is not homogeneous. This was the challenge faced by market and opinion researchers when they first started to conduct large-scale surveys. Their solution was the quota sample, which attempts to match the characteristics of the sample with those of the universe, thereby achieving a ...
- quota subscription
- (from the article "International Monetary Fund") Each member contributes a sum of money called a quota subscription. Quotas are reviewed every five years and are based on each country's wealth and economic performance-the richer the country, the larger its quota. The quotas form a pool of loanable funds and determine how much money each member can ...
- quotation mark
- (from the article "punctuation") ...the first time the view that clarification of syntax is the main object of punctuation. By the end of the 17th century the various marks had received their modern names, and the exclamation mark, quotation marks, and the dash had been added to the system.
- quotient
- (from the article "arithmetic") ...antecedents. This characteristic changes drastically, however, as soon as division is introduced. Performing division (its symbol ÷, read "divided by") leads to results, called quotients or fractions, which surprisingly include numbers of a new kind-namely, rationals-that are not integers. These, though arising from the combination of integers, patently...
- Qur'an
- the sacred scripture of Islam and, for all Muslims, the very word of God, revealed through the agency of the archangel Gabriel to the Prophet Muhammad. Although most modern Muslims know it as the Holy Qur'an, many of them still refer to it as al-Qur'an al-karim or ... [59 Related Articles]
- Qur'anic school
- (from the article "education") ...Africa in the 9th and 10th centuries and western Africa in the 11th. It introduced the Arabic script, and, because knowledge of the Qur'an became an important religious requirement, Qur'anic schools developed. These schools concentrated on the teaching and memorization of the Qur'an; some were little more than gathering places ...
- Quray, Ahmad
- (from the article "Israel") ...Bank population at 1,712,000 and that of the Gaza Strip at 1,144,000 | Principal administrative centres: Ram Allah and Gaza | Head of government: President Mahmoud Abbas, assisted by Prime Ministers Ahmad Quray and, from March 29, Ismail Haniya | BRITANNICA BOOK OF THE YEAR 2006Israel
- Quraysh
- the ruling tribe of Mecca at the time of the birth of the Prophet Muhammad. There were 10 main clans, the names of some of which gained great lustre through their members' status in early Islam. These included Hashim, the clan of the Prophet himself (see Hashimite); Zuhra, that of ... [9 Related Articles]
- Qurayyat, Al-
- mintaqah (province), western Al-Shamaliyah (Northern) region, northwestern Saudi Arabia. It is bordered by the provinces of Al-Hudud al-Shamaliyah to the northeast, Al-Jawf to the east, Tabuk to the south, and Jordan to the north. Al-Qurayyat fronts the Gulf of Aqaba to the west. The province is mostly ...
- Qurayzah, Banu
- (from the article "Muhammad") When it was discovered that members of the Jewish tribe Qurayzah had been complicit with the enemy during the Battle of the Ditch, Muhammad turned against them. The Qurayzah men were separated from the tribe's women and children and ordered by the Muslim general Sa'd ibn Mu'adh to be put ...
- qurb
- (from the article "hal") ...of muraqabah ("watching") fills the Sufi with either fear or joy according to the aspect of God revealed to him. (2) The hal of qurb ("nearness") is a state that enables the Sufi to become unconscious of his own acts and to see God's acts and bounties toward him. (3) ...
- qurban
- (from the article "Amhara") Descent is reckoned patrilineally, and married couples usually reside near the husband's home. The Amhara practice three types of marriage: kal kidan, qurban, and damoz. Kal kidan (also called serat or semanya ["eighty"]) is marriage by civil contract. It is by far the most common form, though a great percentage ...
- Qureshi, Moeen
- (from the article "Pakistan") ...and the prime minister's office vacant, it was the army that ensured a smooth transition to still another caretaker government. Senate chairman Wasim Sajjad assumed the office of president, and Moeen Qureshi, a former World Bank official living in New York City, agreed to act as interim prime minister.
- qurra'
- ', professional class of reciters of the text of the Muslim sacred scripture, the Qur'an. In the early Islamic community, Muhammad's divine revelations had often been memorized by his Companions (disciples), a practice derived from the pre-Islamic tradition of preserving poetry orally. It became common for pious Muslims to memorize ...
- Qusayr 'Amra
- (from the article "astronomical map") ...celestial map, which furnishes a remarkable connecting link between the classical representation of the constellations and the later Islamic forms, is painted in the dome of a bath house at Qusayr 'Amra, an Arab palace built in Jordan around AD 715. The surviving fragments of the fresco show parts of ...
- Qusayy ibn Kilab
- (from the article "Arabia, history of") ...hands of Jurhum, a people living on the central west coast recorded in Greco-Latin sources as Gorrhamites. But sometime about AD 500 ("five generations before the Prophet Muhammad") Qusayy ibn Kilab, called al-Mujammi' ("The Unifier"), is credited with having brought together scattered groups of Bedouin and installed them in Mecca. ...
- Qushayri
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...language (thereby contributing to the profundity of Arabic vocabulary), and the handbooks of religious teaching produced in eastern Arab and Persian areas (Sarraj, Kalabadhi, Qushayri, and, in Muslim India, al-Hujwiri) are generally superior to those produced in western Muslim countries. Yet the greatest Islamic theosophist of all, Ibn...
- qussa
- (from the article "Islamic arts") ...sermons, which were delivered by governors of the provinces. In these khutbahs, however, political considerations frequently overshadow the religious and literary aspects. The qussas (storytellers), who interpreted verses from the Qur'an, attracted large audiences and may be regarded as the inventors of a popular religious...
- Qutaybah ibn Muslim
- Arab general under the caliphs 'Abd al-Malik and 'Abd al-Walid I whose conquests in Afghanistan and Central Asia helped bring the Umayyad caliphate to the height of its power.
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