| | - Oud, Jacobus Johannes Pieter
- Dutch architect notable for his pioneering role in the development of modern architecture. [3 Related Articles]
- Oudaia Museum
- (from the article "Morocco") ...country. The Batha Museum, located in Fes and housed in a former 19th-century royal residence, specializes in historical Moroccan art and has an excellent collection of native ceramics. The Oudaia Museum (founded 1915; also known as the Museum of Moroccan Art) is located near Rabat's Oudaia Casbah. Originally constructed as ...
- Oudenaarde
- municipality, East Flanders province, west-central Belgium. It lies along the Scheldt (Schelde) River south of Ghent. A prosperous tapestry-making centre in the Middle Ages, its industry declined in the 15th century with the success of the Gobelin tapestry weavers (trained in Oudenaarde), many of whom later went to Paris. It ...
- Oudenaarde, Battle of
- (July 11, 1708), victory over the French won by the Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy during the War of the Spanish Succession; it eventually led to the Allied (Anglo-Dutch-Austrian) recapture of Ghent and Bruges, which had been captured by the French on July 4-5. [1 Related Articles]
- Oudinot, Nicolas-Charles, Duke De Reggio
- general, administrator, and marshal of France in the Napoleonic Wars whose career illustrates the opportunities to rise in the French army after the Revolution.
- Oudney, Walter
- (from the article "Katagum") ...leader) returned to the territory he had conquered earlier (including the Hausa kingdom of Shira) and founded the town of Katagum in 1814. By 1824, when the Scottish explorers Hugh Clapperton and Walter Oudney visited Katagum, it had two surrounding walls (20 ft [6 m] in height, a 10-ft base ...
- Oudry, Jean-Baptiste
- French Rococo painter, tapestry designer, and illustrator, considered one of the greatest animal painters of the 18th century.
- Oudtshoorn
- town, Western Cape province, South Africa. It is located about midway between Cape Town (west) and Port Elizabeth (east) on the banks of Grobbelaars River. First settled in 1847, it was named (in 1863) after a baron who died in 1773 en route to his governorship at the Cape, and ...
- Oued, el-
- town, largest of the Souf Oases in northeastern Algeria. It lies 50 miles (80 km) west of the Tunisian border. Surrounded by the sand dunes of the Grand Erg (sand dunes) Oriental, the Souf Oases extend for 25 miles (40 km) northwest to southeast. A river (oued) once flowed to ...
- Oueddei, Goukouni
- (from the article "Chad") ...had become not so much a conflict between Chad's Muslim northern region and the black southern region as a struggle between northern political factions. Libyan troops were brought in at President Goukouni Oueddei's request in December 1980 and were withdrawn, again at his request, in November 1981. In a reverse ...
- Ouedraogo, Jean-Baptiste
- (from the article "Burkina Faso") Colonel Zerbo's short-lived rule ended in November 1982, when noncommissioned army officers rebelled and installed Major Jean-Baptiste Ouedraogo as president. The Ouedraogo government soon split into conservative and radical factions, with the radicals seizing power on August 4, 1983. They set up a National Revolutionary Council (CNR) with Captain Thomas ...
- Ouellette, Michel
- (from the article "Canadian literature") ...(1975). Continuing the theatrical tradition into the 1980s and 1990s, both Jean Marc Dalpe (Le Chien [1987; "The Dog"]) and Michel Ouellette (French Town [1994]) won Canada's Governor General's Award for drama in French. Poet Patrice Desbiens explored the alienation of the Francophone minority ...
- Ouellette-Michalska, Madeleine
- (from the article "Canadian literature") ...defeat in 1995 of a second referendum on sovereignty, took their toll. The relationship between personal and national identity is often explored through the irony of the postmodern novel, such as Madeleine Ouellette-Michalska's La Maison Trestler; ou, le 8e jour d'Amerique (1984; "The Trestler House; or, The Eighth Day of ...
- Oueme River
- river rising in the Atacora massif in northwestern Benin. It is approximately 310 miles (500 km) in length and flows southward, where it is joined by its main affluent, the Okpara, on the left bank and by the Zou on the right. It then divides into two branches, one discharging ... [1 Related Articles]
- Ouenza
- town, northeastern Algeria. It lies near the eastern border with Tunisia. The nearby Mount Ouenza (4,226 feet [1,288 m]) is the site of extensive iron-ore deposits, making the town one of Algeria's leading mining centres. Pop. (latest est.) mun., 36,096.
- Ouerghemma League
- (from the article "Medenine") town located in southern Tunisia. Medenine lies in the semiarid plain of Al-Jifarah (Jeffara). It was the capital of the Ouerghemma League of three Amazigh (Berber) groups and was the chief town of the Southern Military Territories during the French protectorate (1881-1955). The honeycomb-like aboveground granaries (ghorfas) ...
- Ouessant Island
- a rocky island, Finistere departement, off the western tip of Bretagne, western France. The island, about 5 miles (8 km) long and 2 miles (3 km) wide, has an area of 6 square miles (15 square km). Its lighthouse, the Phare de Creac'h, marks the southern entrance ... [2 Related Articles]
- Oufkir, Muhammad
- (from the article "Ben Barka, Mehdi") ...Ben Barka disappeared. He was never found, and investigators concluded that gangsters were paid to kidnap and murder him. It was suggested several times that the plot was headed by General Muhammad Oufkir, Hassan's minister of the interior. A formal inquiry and trial in France showed that Morocco had violated ...
- ought implies can
- (from the article "applied logic") ...(i.e., &implies; O p ⊃ P p). Controversy exists about the relation of deontic to alethic modal logic, principally in the context of Immanuel Kant's thesis that "ought implies can" (i.e., &implies; O p ⊃ Mp), but also about the theses ad impossibile nemo obligatur-"no one is ...
- Oughtred, William
- English mathematician and Anglican minister who invented the earliest form of the slide rule, two identical linear or circular logarithmic scales held together and adjusted by hand. Improvements involving the familiar inner sliding rule came later. [2 Related Articles]
- Ouham River
- river, one of the main headwaters of the Chari River, central Africa. It rises in two main branches in the elevated plateau country of the western Central African Republic; it then flows north, crossing the international frontier into Chad, where it is known as Bahr Sara, and joins the Chari ...
- Ouida
- English novelist, known for her extravagant melodramatic romances of fashionable life.
- Ouidah
- town, southern Benin, West Africa. It lies along the Gulf of Guinea. The town was the main port of the Kingdom of Abomey in the 18th and 19th centuries. Portuguese, French, Dutch, Danish, British, and Americans all vied for a share of the slave and palm-oil trade made available through ... [2 Related Articles]
- Ouija board
- in occultism, a device ostensibly used for obtaining messages from the spirit world, usually employed by a medium during a seance. The name derives from the French and German words for "yes" (oui and ja). The Ouija board consists of an oblong piece of wood with letters of the alphabet ...
- Ouimet, Francis
- American amateur golfer whose success did much to remove the British upper-class stigma from the game and to popularize it in the United States. [1 Related Articles]
- Oujda
- city, extreme northeastern Morocco. It lies near the Moroccan-Algerian border. Founded in 944 by Zanatah Imazighen (Berbers), the city was fought over by Imazighen, Arabs, and Turks and destroyed and rebuilt so often that it was called Madinat al-Hairah, "City of Fear." The Moroccan and Algerian railways meet at Oujda, ...
- Ould Salek, Mustapha
- (from the article "Daddah, Moktar Ould") ...In July 1978 dissatisfaction with the costly attempt by Mauritania to annex part of former Spanish Sahara resulted in his ouster by a military coup d'etat led by Lieutenant Colonel Mustafa Ould Salek.MauritaniaIndependence...guerrillas of the Polisario Front in Mauritania's portion ...
- Ouled Nail
- (from the article "Djelfa") ...salt lakes), and the Sahara (south). The town was founded in 1852 as a French military post on a geometric plan. It serves as an important livestock market centre for the seminomadic Arab Ouled Nail confederation.
- Ouled Riah
- (from the article "Pelissier, Aimable-Jean-Jacques, duc de Malakoff") ...notoriety for killing an entire local population by gassing them in caves, a tactic of irregular warfare employed by the French on several occasions during the Algerian campaign. In June 1845 the Ouled Riah tribe, driven from their settlements by Pelissier's forces, found refuge in the caves of the Dahra ...
- Oultre Jourdain
- (from the article "Jordan") ...and slowly returned to the old Bedouin way of life. With the capture of Jerusalem by the Crusaders in 1099, the Latin kingdom of Jerusalem was extended east of the Jordan, a principality known as Oultre Jourdain was established, and a capital was set up at Al-Karak. After the Crusaders ...
- Oulu
- city, west-central Finland, at the mouth of the Oulu River on the Gulf of Bothnia. During the European Middle Ages a trading post was located on the site. In 1590 the prospering settlement was fortified, and town rights were granted in 1610. The fortress was destroyed by an explosion in ... [1 Related Articles]
- Oum al-Bouaghi
- town, northeastern Algeria. The town is situated in the high plains of the Tell Atlas about 40 miles (65 km) southeast of Constantine city. This extensive high-plains region receives about 20 inches (500 mm) of rain annually, and the town is a principal trading centre for the wheat, barley, figs, ...
- Oum er-Rbia River
- chief river of central Morocco, rising in the Middle Atlas (Moyen Atlas) mountains and flowing generally westward for 345 miles (555 km) to the Atlantic Ocean near Azemmour. Although not navigable, it is a perennially torrential river and a major source of hydroelectric power and irrigation; dams on the river ... [1 Related Articles]
- Oumarou, Seyni
- (from the article "Niger") ...sq km (459,286 sq mi) | Population (2007 est.): 14,226,000 | Capital: Niamey | Head of state and government: President Mamadou Tandja, assisted by Prime Ministers Hama Amadou and, from June 7, Seyni Oumarou |
- Oun Kham
- ruler of the Lao principality of Luang Prabang (1872-94), whose troubled reign ended with the establishment of a French protectorate over Laos.
- OUN-B
- (from the article "Ukraine") ...conspiratorial underground. The split became permanent after a congress held in Krakow in February 1940, when the Melnyk and Bandera factions developed into separate organizations (OUN-M and OUN-B, respectively) differing in ideology, strategy, and tactics.
- OUN-M
- (from the article "Ukraine") ...in the conspiratorial underground. The split became permanent after a congress held in Krakow in February 1940, when the Melnyk and Bandera factions developed into separate organizations (OUN-M and OUN-B, respectively) differing in ideology, strategy, and tactics.
- ounce
- unit of weight in the avoirdupois system, equal to 116 pound (437 12 grains), and in the troy and apothecaries' systems, equal to 480 grains, or 112 pound. The avoirdupois ounce is equal to 28.35 grams and the troy and apothecaries' ounce to 31.103 grams. As a unit of volume, ...
- Oundjian, Peter
- (from the article "Performing Arts") ...also was named principal conductor of Milan's La Scala opera company; Kent Nagano, who made his debut in September as the director of the Montreal Symphony Orchestra; and Toronto-born conductor Peter Oundjian, who was tapped as principal guest conductor and artistic adviser of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, which was still ...
- Oundle
- town, East Northamptonshire district, administrative and historic county of Northamptonshire, England, on the River Nene. The manor was granted to the feudal landowner John, earl of Bedford, after the dissolution of the monasteries under Henry VIII in the 1530s. The Church of St. Peter, with its crocketed spire, has work ... [1 Related Articles]
- Oundle School
- (from the article "Sanderson, Frederick William") English schoolmaster whose reorganization of Oundle School had considerable influence on the curriculum and methods of secondary education.history of OundleOundle...of Bedford, after the dissolution of the monasteries under Henry VIII in the 1530s. The Church of St. Peter, with its ...
- Ouologuem, Yambo
- Sudanese writer who was highly acclaimed for his first novel, Le Devoir de violence (1968; Bound to Violence), which received the Prix Renaudot. With this work, Ouologuem became the first African writer to receive a major French literary award. [1 Related Articles]
- Our Bodies, Ourselves
- book, first published in 1970 and periodically revised and updated, a groundbreaking publication in its expressed goal of dispelling widespread ignorance about the female body and women's health issues. Noting the often dismissive and sometimes injurious treatment women can receive from male-dominated medical institutions, the book emphasizes the importance to ...
- Our Lady in Bohemia
- (from the article "Pribram") Pribram's other major industry is tourism. On the nearby height of Svata Hora ("Holy Mountain") stands the Baroque monastery of Our Lady in Bohemia and its shrine, which has long attracted pilgrims and more recently tourists. The monastery is reached from Pribram by a long covered staircase. In the hills ...
- Our Lady of Good Tidings
- (from the article "Tinos") ...discovery of an icon of the Panayia (Virgin Mary) in 1822 by a nun named Pelagia, Tinos became a Greek Orthodox place of pilgrimage. The Church of Panayia Evangelistria (Our Lady of Good Tidings) was built in 1822 to house the icon, which is venerated for its healing powers. A ...
- Our Lady of Kazan
- (from the article "Vatican City State") ...its efforts to create unity among the Christian faithful, including those in the Russian Orthodox Church, with which relations appeared to have warmed. The return of the much-venerated icon of Our Lady of Kazan to the Russian Orthodox Church in Moscow played a role in this strategy of rapprochement.
- Our Lady of Lourdes, Basilica of
- (from the article "Lourdes") ...was declared to have miraculous qualities, and Lourdes has since become a major pilgrimage centre. More than 5,000,000 pilgrims, many of them sick or disabled, visit the site annually. The basilica, built above the grotto in 1876, eventually became overcrowded by the increasing number of pilgrims, and in 1958 an ...
- Our Lady of Montesa
- (from the article "Mercedarian") In 1318 Pope John XXII decreed that the leader of the order should be a priest, an action that caused lay knights to leave the Mercedarians and join a military order of Our Lady of Montesa. The Mercedarians subsequently became a mendicant order. Mercedarians accompanied Columbus to America and founded ...
- Our Lady of Pilar de Ouro Preto, church of
- (from the article "Latin American architecture") ...Minas Gerais beginning in the 18th century. The discovery of gold and diamonds in these highlands created an economic force that was independent of the coasts and that produced a unique culture. The Church of Our Lady of Pilar de Ouro Preto (1730s), attributed to Antonio Francisco Lisboa (brother of ...
- Our Lady of the Angels, Basilica of
- (from the article "Cartago") ...The earthquake of 1910 was particularly destructive. In 1963-65 a series of eruptions from Irazu Volcano released floodwaters and mud slides onto the city, causing serious damage. The Basilica of Our Lady of the Angels, patroness of Costa Rica, with a famous black Madonna, is a much-frequented place of pilgrimage. ...
- Our Lady of the Assumption Catholic University
- (from the article "Paraguay") ...nine-tenths of the population is literate, though functional literacy is probably lower. The two oldest universities-the public National University of Asuncion (1890) and the private Our Lady of the Assumption Catholic University (1960)-are located in Asuncion, with branches in other towns. These universities also have specialty schools for engineering, medicine,...
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