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Jayavarman II ... Jehoshaphat

Jayavarman II founder of the Khmer, or Cambodian, empire and outstanding member of the series of rulers of the Angkor period (802-1431). Among Jayavarman II's accomplishments were the deification of the Cambodian monarchy, the establishment of the devaraja cult as the official state religion, and the reunification of the old kingdom of ... Jayavarman VII one of the most forceful and productive kings of the Khmer (Cambodian) empire of Angkor (reigning 1181-c. 1220). He expanded the empire to its greatest territorial extent and engaged in a building program that yielded numerous temples (including Angkor Thom), highways, rest houses, and hospitals. Jayawijaya Mountains eastern section of the Maoke Mountains, part of the central highlands of the island of New Guinea. Located in the Indonesian province of Papua, the range extends for 230 miles (370 km) east of the Sudirman Range to the Star Mountains and the border with Papua New Guinea. The range's ... Jayewardene, J.R. lawyer and public official who served as president of Sri Lanka from 1978 to 1989. Jazeera, al- Arabic-language cable television news network founded by Sheikh Hamad ibn Khalifah Al Thani, emir of Qatar, in 1996. The network was guaranteed government financial backing for its first five years, and it transmitted from Doha, Qatar, and from bureaus around the world, beginning continuous programming in 1999. It has been ... Jazirah, Al- (Arabic: "Island"), the northern reaches of Mesopotamia, now making up part of northern Iraq and extending into eastern Turkey and extreme northeastern Syria. The region lies between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers and is bounded on the south by a line running between Takrit and Anbar. It consists of a ... Jazirah, Al- region, central-southeast Sudan. Al-Jazirah lies just southeast of the confluence of the Blue and White Nile rivers; the Blue Nile runs northwestward through the central part of the region, and the White Nile lies to the west. The Blue Nile is joined by the Dinder River at the southern border ... jazz musical form, often improvisational, developed by African Americans and influenced by both European harmonic structure and African rhythms. It was developed partially from ragtime and blues and is often characterized by syncopated rhythms, polyphonic ensemble playing, varying degrees of improvisation, often deliberate deviations of pitch, and the use of original ... jazz dance any dance to jazz accompaniments, composed of a profusion of forms. Jazz dance paralleled the birth and spread of jazz itself from roots in black American society and was popularized in ballrooms by the big bands of the swing era (1930s and '40s). It radically altered the style of American ... jazz poetry poetry that is read to the accompaniment of jazz music. Authors of such poetry attempt to emulate the rhythms and freedom of the music in their poetry. Forerunners of the style included the works of Vachel Lindsay, who read his poetry in a syncopated and rhythmic style for audiences, and ... Jazz Singer, The American musical film, released in 1927, that was the first feature-length movie with synchronized dialogue. It marked the ascendancy of "talkies" and the end of the silent-film era. jazz-rock popular musical form in which modern jazz improvisation is accompanied by the bass lines, drumming styles, and instrumentation of rock music, with a strong emphasis on electronic instruments and dance rhythms. Jean Bernard the world's deepest known cave, located in the Alps near the town of Samoens, Haute-Savoie departement, Rhone-Alpes region, southeastern France. The highest of the limestone cave's eight entrances is located above Samoens at an elevation of 7,428 feet (2,264 m). The original entrance was discovered by the Groupe Vulcain (from ... Jean de Meun French poet famous for his continuation of the Roman de la rose, an allegorical poem in the courtly love tradition begun by Guillaume de Lorris about 1225. Jean Le Bel the forerunner of the great medieval Flemish chroniclers and one of the first to abandon Latin for French. Jean Paul German novelist and humorist whose works were immensely popular in the first 20 years of the 19th century. His pen name, Jean Paul, reflected his admiration for the French writer Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Jean Paul's writing bridged the shift in literature from the formal ideals of Weimar Classicism to the intuitive ... Jean, Michaelle Canadian journalist and documentarian who became Canada's 27th governor-general (2005- ) and the first person of African heritage to hold that post. Jean, Wyclef Haitian rapper, producer, and philanthropist whose dynamic, politically inflected rhymes and keen ear for hooks established him as a significant force in popular music. Jean-Christophe multivolume novel by Romain Rolland, published in French in 10 volumes in the journal Cahiers de la Quinzaine from 1904 to 1912. It was published in book form in three volumes: Jean-Christophe (1905-06; Jean-Christophe: Dawn, Morning, Youth, Revolt), which comprises the original volumes L'Aube, Le Matin, L'Adolescent, and La Revolte; ... Jeannel, Rene French biologist best remembered for his work on the subterranean coleopterans of the family Anisotomidae. His exploration of the caves of the Pyrenees and Carpathian mountains yielded many species of these small, shiny, round fungus beetles that were hitherto unknown. His fieldwork in Africa also resulted in the identification of ... Jeannette city, Westmoreland county, southwestern Pennsylvania, U.S., in the foothills of the Allegheny Mountains. Built on six hills, it developed after the Pennsylvania Railroad came through in 1852 providing an outlet for local farm produce. The discovery of natural gas in the vicinity prompted H. Sellers McKee to locate a glass ... Jeannin, Pierre statesman who served as one of King Henry IV's most influential advisers in the years after the French civil wars (ended 1598). jeans trousers originally designed in the United States by Levi Strauss in the mid-19th century as durable work clothes, with the seams and other points of stress reinforced with small copper rivets. They were eventually adopted by workingmen throughout the United States and then worldwide. Jeans, Sir James English physicist and mathematician who was the first to propose that matter is continuously created throughout the universe. He made other innovations in astronomical theory but is perhaps best known as a writer of popular books about astronomy. Jebb, John British political, religious, and social reformer who championed humanitarian and constitutional causes far in advance of his time. Jebba town, Kwara state, western Nigeria. It lies on the south bank and at the natural head of navigation of the Niger River, 550 miles (885 km) from the sea. It is populated by the predominantly Muslim Nupe people, whose kingdom, refounded by Tsoede, flourished in the region in the early ... Jedburgh royal burgh (town), Scottish Borders council area, historic county of Roxburghshire, southeastern Scotland. It is situated on Jed Water, a tributary of the River Teviot, within 10 miles (16 km) of the English border. jeep outstanding light vehicle of World War II. It was developed by the U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps and was an important item in lend-lease shipments to the Soviet Union and other allies. The jeep weighed 1 14 tons, was powered by a four-cylinder engine, and was classed as a quarter-ton truck ... Jefferies, Richard English naturalist, novelist, and essayist whose best work combines fictional invention with expert observation of the natural world. Jeffers, Robinson one of the most controversial U.S. poets of the 20th century, for whom all things except his pantheistically conceived God are transient, and human life is viewed as a frantic, often contemptible struggle within a net of passions. Jefferson county, northern New York state, U.S., mostly comprising a lowland region bounded by Lake Ontario to the west and Ontario, Canada, to the northwest, the St. Lawrence River constituting the boundary. It is linked by bridge to Ontario and features several bay inlets, notably Chaumont, Black River, and Henderson bays. ... Jefferson county, west-central Pennsylvania, U.S., bordered by the Clarion River to the north. It consists of a hilly region on the Allegheny Plateau drained by numerous streams, including North Fork, Little Mill, Sandy Lick, Little Sandy, and Redbank creeks. Parklands include Clear Creek State Park and part of Cook Forest State ... Jefferson Airplane, the American psychedelic rock band best known for its biting political lyrics, soaring harmonies, and hallucinogenic titles such as Surrealistic Pillow and White Rabbit. The Jefferson Airplane was an important standard-bearer for the counterculture in the 1960s, but in its later incarnations it had hits with more mainstream material in the ... Jefferson City capital of Missouri, U.S., and seat of Cole county, on the Missouri River, near the geographic centre of the state. The site for the state capital was selected in 1821. The land had been donated under an act of the U.S. Congress that specified it be within 40 miles (64 ... Jefferson Memorial monument to Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States, situated in East Potomac Park on the south bank of the Tidal Basin in Washington, D.C. Authorized in 1934 as part of a beautification program for the nation's capital, it was opposed by many modernist architects, including Frank Lloyd ... Jefferson River river, most westerly of the Missouri River's three headstreams, rising in the Gravelly Range in southwestern Montana, U.S., near the Continental Divide and Yellowstone National Park (where it is known as Red Rock River). It flows west through Red Rock Pass and Upper and Lower Red Rock lakes, then north ... Jefferson, Blind Lemon American country blues singer, guitarist, and songwriter, one of the earliest black folk-blues singers to achieve popular success. Jefferson, Joseph American actor whose name became identified with the character of Rip Van Winkle. Jefferson, Martha the wife of Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States (1801-09). She was never a first lady because she died 19 years before her husband became president. Jefferson, Thomas draftsman of the Declaration of Independence of the United States and the nation's first secretary of state (1789-94), second vice president (1797-1801), and, as the third president (1801-09), the statesman responsible for the Louisiana Purchase. An early advocate of total separation of church and state, he also was the founder ... Jeffersonville city, seat (1802-10; 1873) of Clark county, southern Indiana, U.S. It lies along the Ohio River (there bridged) at the head of the Falls of the Ohio, opposite Louisville, Kentucky. Built on land occupied by old Fort Steuben, it was laid out in 1802 on a plan suggested by President ... Jefferts Schori, Katharine American prelate who in 2006 became the first female presiding bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States. Jeffrey, Edward Charles Canadian-American botanist who worked on the morphology and phylogeny of vascular plants. Jeffrey, Francis Jeffrey, Lord literary critic and Scottish judge, best known as the editor of The Edinburgh Review, a quarterly that was the preeminent organ of British political and literary criticism in the early 19th century. Jeffreys, George Jeffreys, 1st Baron English judge notorious for his cruelty and corruption. He presided over the "Bloody Assizes" of 1685 following the failure of the duke of Monmouth's rebellion and was in charge of executing the unpopular religious policy of the Roman Catholic king James II. Jeffreys, Sir Harold British astronomer and geophysicist noted for his wide variety of scientific contributions. Jeffries, James Jackson American boxer who was the world heavyweight champion from June 9, 1899, when he knocked out Bob Fitzsimmons in 11 rounds at Coney Island, New York City, until 1905, when he retired undefeated. Among his six successful title defenses were two knockouts of former champion James J. Corbett and a ... Jehoiachin in the Old Testament (II Kings 24), son of King Jehoiakim and king of Judah. He came to the throne at the age of 18 in the midst of the Chaldean invasion of Judah and reigned three months. He was forced to surrender to Nebuchadrezzar II and was taken to ... Jehoiakim in the Old Testament (II Kings 23:34-24:17; Jer. 22:13-19; II Chron. 36:4-8), son of King Josiah and king of Judah (c. 609-598 BC). When Josiah died at Megiddo, his younger son, Jehoahaz (or Shallum), was chosen king by the Judahites, but the Egyptian conqueror Necho took Jehoahaz to Egypt and ... Jehoram one of two contemporary Old Testament kings. Jehoshaphat king (c. 873-c. 849 BC) of Judah during the reigns in Israel of Ahab, Ahaziah, and Jehoram, with whom he maintained close political and economic alliances. Jehoshaphat aided Ahab in his unsuccessful attempt to recapture the city of Ramoth-gilead, joined Ahaziah in extending maritime trade, helped Jehoram in his battle ...