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Girardin, Emile de ... Giurgiu

Girardin, Emile de popular French journalist, called the Napoleon of the press for his success in publishing inexpensive newspapers with massive circulations. Girardon, Francois the most representative sculptor employed on the great sculptural project of decorating Versailles during the period of Louis XIV. Girardot river port, central Colombia, at the confluence of the upper Magdalena (there bridged) and Bogota rivers, opposite Flandes. The site, once a canoe outpost named Pastor Montero, was donated for the creation of San Miguel parish in 1844. Under a provincial ordinance (1852) this became a district that was named ... Giraud, Henri (-Honore) army officer and one of the leaders, in World War II, of the French Committee of National Liberation. Giraudoux, Jean French novelist, essayist, and playwright who created an impressionistic form of drama by emphasizing dialogue and style rather than realism. girder in building construction, a horizontal main supporting beam that carries a vertical concentrated load. See beam. girdle tie in Egyptian religion, protective amulet formed like a knot and made of gold, carnelian, or red glazed ware. Most samples of the girdle tie have been found tied around the necks of mummies; the amulets were intended to protect the dead from all that was harmful in the afterlife. girdle-tailed lizard any of various south and east African and Madagascan lizards belonging to the family Cordylidae. They are live-bearers, having as few as one to four young per litter. Giresun city and seaport, northeastern Turkey. It lies along the Black Sea about 110 miles (175 km) west of Trabzon. The older parts of the city lie on a peninsula crowned by a ruined Byzantine fortress, sheltering the small natural harbour. Nearby is Giresun Island, in ancient times called Ares. Giresun ... Giri, Varahagiri Venkata statesman, president of India from 1969 to 1974. Giridih town, east-central Jharkhand state, northeastern India. It lies 72 miles (115 km) northeast of Hazaribagh, on both banks of the Usri River. In 1871 a branch line of the Eastern Railway was built to the town, increasing its importance as a transport centre for coal mined at nearby Kuharbarie, Serampore, ... girl groups primarily American female vocal groups popular from the early to the mid-1960s, the period between the heyday of early rock and roll and the British Invasion. The girl group era produced a clearly identifiable hybrid of gospel, rhythm and blues, doo-wop, and quirky pop. The high-pitched, husky, teen-girl sound of ... Girl Guides and Girl Scouts worldwide organizations for girls, dedicated to training them in citizenship, good conduct, and outdoor activities. Robert (later Lord) Baden-Powell founded the Girl Guides in Great Britain in 1910 in response to the requests of girls who were interested in the Boy Scout movement established by him in 1908. The first ... Girls of Slender Means, The novel by Muriel Spark, published in a shortened version in 1963 in The Saturday Evening Post and published in book form later that year. Girnar Hills physiographic region on the Kathiawar Peninsula, Gujarat state, west-central India. At the foot of one of the hills is a rock bearing one of the rock edicts of Ashoka (3rd century BCE). The same rock bears an inscription referring to the construction of a lake, called Sudarshana, in the late ... Girodet, Anne-Louis painter whose works exemplify the first phase of Romanticism in French art. Girodias, Maurice French publisher of banned books, including many classics of modern literature. Girona provincia (province) in the Catalonia comunidad autonoma (autonomous community), northeastern Spain. Girona is the northeasternmost province of the autonomous community and of Spain. It is bounded by France and the Pyrenees to the north, by the Mediterranean Sea to the east and southeast, and by Barcelona and Lleida provinces to ... Girona city, capital of Girona provincia (province), in the Catalonia comunidad autonoma (autonomous community), northeastern Spain. It lies on the Onar River in the foothills of the Los Angeles Mountains, a short distance inland from a Mediterranean coastal resort area known as the Costa Brava. The city comprises three zones: the ... Gironde estuary on the Bay of Biscay, in Gironde departement, Aquitaine region, southwestern France, formed by the confluence of the Garonne and Dordogne rivers (qq.v.). It trends from southeast to northwest for about 45 miles (72 km) and is navigable for oceangoing vessels, although it has sandbanks and strong tides. Girondin a label applied to a loose grouping of republican politicians, some of them originally from the departement of the Gironde, who played a leading role in the Legislative Assembly from October 1791 to September 1792 during the French Revolution. Lawyers, intellectuals and journalists, the Girondins attracted a following of businessmen, ... Girondo, Oliverio Argentine writer, painter, and poet known for his involvement with Ultraism, a movement in poetry characterized by avant-garde imagery and symbolism as well as metrical complexity. Gironella, Jose Maria Spanish author best remembered for his long historical novel Los cipreses creen en Dios (1953; The Cypresses Believe in God), in which the conflicts within a family portrayed in the novel symbolize the dissension that overtook the people of Spain during the years preceding the Spanish Civil War of 1936-39. ... Girtin, Thomas British artist who at the turn of the 19th century firmly established the aesthetic autonomy of watercolour (formerly used mainly to colour engravings) by employing its transparent washes to evoke a new sense of atmospheric space. Giry, Arthur French historian noted for his studies of the French Middle Ages. GIS computer system for performing geographical analysis. GIS has four interactive components: an input subsystem for converting into digital form (digitizing) maps and other spatial data; a storage and retrieval subsystem; an analysis subsystem; and an output subsystem for producing maps, tables, and answers to geographic queries. GIS is frequently used ... gisant in sepulchral sculpture, a recumbent effigy representing the person dying or in death. The typical gisant depicts the deceased in "eternal repose," awaiting the resurrection in prayer or holding attributes of office and clothed in the formal attire of his social class or office. A variant of the gisant, technically ... Gisborne unitary authority, east-central North Island, New Zealand. The authority includes the eastern side of East Cape (the easternmost promontory of North Island), most of the Raukumara Range, and the Waipaoa and Mata rivers. Gisborne is bounded by the Bay of Plenty regional council to the west and by the Pacific ... Gisborne city ("district") and port on Poverty Bay, east coast of North Island, New Zealand. The city is located where the Waimata and Taruheru rivers join to form the Turanganui. It was the first area in New Zealand visited (1769) by Captain James Cook. It received its first permanent European settlers ... Giscard d'Estaing, Valery French political leader, who served as the third president of the Fifth Republic of France (1974-81). Gish, Dorothy American actress who, like her sister Lillian, was a major figure in silent films, particularly director D.W. Griffith's classics. Gish, Lillian American actress who, like her sister Dorothy, was a major figure in the early motion picture industry, particularly in director D.W. Griffith's silent film classics. She is regarded as one of silent cinema's finest actresses. Gisla saga an Icelandic saga set in northwestern Iceland and written probably before the middle of the 13th century, which tells of an outlaw poet, Gisli Sursson (d. c. AD 980), who was punished by his enemies for loyally avenging his foster brother. It includes rich descriptions of nature and is said ... Gislebertus French sculptor who made major contributions to the Cathedral of Saint-Lazare in Autun and to several Burgundian churches from 1125 to 1135. gismondine rare mineral in the zeolite family. Many specimens have been found in Ireland and Iceland in basaltic lavas, along with such other zeolites as chabazite, thomsonite, and phillipsite. Gismondine forms colourless, bipyramidal crystals of orthorhombic symmetry; it is a hydrated calcium aluminosilicate with the formula Ca2Al4Si4O169H2O. Gisors market town, Eure departement, Haute-Normandie region, northwestern France. It lies in the valley of the Epte River, northwest of Paris and southwest of Beauvais. The early town was dominated by an 11th- and 12th-century castle built by the kings of England and France, and its strategic position on the frontier ... Gissing, George English novelist, noted for the unflinching realism of his novels about the lower middle class. Gist, Christopher American colonial explorer and military scout who wrote highly informative journals describing his experiences. Gisulph II prince of Salerno, the last important Lombard ruler to oppose the Norman conquest of southern Italy; his defeat marked the end of effective resistance to the Normans. Gita Press Hinduism's largest printer, publisher, and distributor of religious literature. Envisaged as the Hindu equivalent of a Christian Bible society, Gita Press was established on April 29, 1923, in the town of Gorakhpur by altruistic businessmen under the direction of Jayadayal Goyandka (1885-1965), who was joined several years later by Hanumanprasad ... Gitagovinda (Sanskrit: "The Poem in which the Cowherd Is Sung"), lyrical poem celebrating the romance of the divine cowherd Krishna and his beloved, Radha, renowned both for its high literary value and for its expression of religious longing, and popular particularly among Vaisnavas (followers of Lord Vishnu, of whom Krishna was ... Gitanjali a collection of poetry, the most famous work by Rabindranath Tagore, published in India in 1910. Tagore then translated it into prose poems in English, as Gitanjali: Song Offerings, and it was published in 1912 with an introduction by William Butler Yeats. Gitega town, central Burundi. The town lies about 40 miles (65 km) east of the national capital of Bujumbura. For centuries Gitega was the seat of the Burundian mwami (king) and the capital of the kingdom of Burundi. It also served as an administrative centre when Burundi was under colonial rule. ... Gitlow v. New York case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on June 8, 1925, that the U.S. Constitution's First Amendment protection of free speech, which states that the federal "Congress shall make no lawabridging the freedom of speech," applied also to state governments. The decision was the first in which the Supreme ... gittern either of two medieval stringed musical instruments, the guitarra latina and the guitarra morisca. The latter was also known as the guitarra saracenica. Giuliani, Rudolph W. American lawyer and politician who was mayor of New York City from 1994 to 2002. Giulini, Carlo Maria Italian conductor esteemed for his skills in directing both grand opera and symphony orchestras. Giulio Romano late Renaissance painter and architect, the principal heir of Raphael, and one of the initiators of the Mannerist style. Giunta Pisano Italian painter, a native of Pisa and a pioneer who, coming from Tuscany to Assisi, influenced the development of Umbrian art. Giurgiu judet (county), southeastern Romania, occupying an area of 1,361 square miles (3,526 square km) bounded on the south by the Danube River and Bulgaria. The county, consisting mostly of lowlands, was formed in 1981 from a portion of Ilfov district. Besides the eastward-flowing Danube, the county is also drained southward ... Giurgiu city, capital of Giurgiu judet (county), southern Romania. It is situated on the left (north) bank of the Danube, 40 miles (65 km) south of Bucharest. Its origins have not been clearly established, though it is probable that Genoese navigators built a citadel named San Giorgio on the island in ...