A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

0-9

Cadiz, Gulf of ... Cagayan River

Cadiz, Gulf of wide embayment of the Atlantic Ocean along the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, stretching about 200 miles (320 km) from Cape Saint Vincent (Portugal) to Gibraltar. At the Portuguese end-the south-facing area of the Algarve-the coastline consists of bold headlands and high cliffs interrupted by bay beaches, small river mouths, and numerous ... Cadman, Charles Wakefield one of the first American composers to become interested in the music and folklore of the American Indian. cadmium chemical element, metal of Group 12 (IIb, or zinc group) of the periodic table. cadmium poisoning toxic effects of cadmium or its compounds on body tissues and functions. Poisoning may result from the ingestion of an acid food or drink prepared in a cadmium-lined vessel (e.g., lemonade served from cadmium-plated cans). Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and prostration usually occur within 15 minutes after ingestion and subside within ... Cadmus in Greek mythology, the son of Phoenix or Agenor (king of Phoenicia) and brother of Europa. Europa was carried off by Zeus, king of the gods, and Cadmus was sent out to find her. Unsuccessful, he consulted the Delphic oracle, which ordered him to give up his quest, follow a ... Cadmus, Paul American artist who created paintings, drawings, and prints in a figurative, near-illustrational style during a career that spanned some 70 years. Cadogan, William Cadogan, 1st Earl British soldier, an outstanding staff officer who was the friend and trusted colleague of John Churchill, 1st duke of Marlborough. Cadorna, Luigi general who completely reorganized Italy's ill-prepared army on the eve of World War I and who was chief of staff during the first 30 months of that conflict. caduceus staff carried by Hermes, the messenger of the gods, as a symbol of peace. Among the ancient Greeks and Romans it became the badge of heralds and ambassadors, signifying their inviolability. Originally the caduceus was a rod or olive branch ending in two shoots and decorated with garlands or ribbons. ... Cadwallon British king of Gwynedd (in present north Wales) who, with the Mercian king Penda, invaded Northumbria in 632 or 633, killed the Northumbrian king Edwin in battle in Hatfield Chase (south of York), and devastated the region. A year later Cadwallon was defeated and slain by Oswald, who became king ... Caecilius of Calacte Greek rhetorician who was one of the most important critics and rhetoricians of the Augustan age. The Byzantine Suda lexicon says that he was Jewish. Caecilius, Statius Roman comic poet who was ranked by the literary critic Volcatius Sedigitus at the head of all Roman writers of comedy. Caecina Alienus, Aulus Roman general who, during the civil wars of 69, played a decisive role in making first Aulus Vitellius and then Vespasian rulers of the empire. Caedmon first Old English Christian poet, whose fragmentary hymn to the creation remains a symbol of the adaptation of the aristocratic-heroic Anglo-Saxon verse tradition to the expression of Christian themes. His story is known from Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People, which tells how Caedmon, an illiterate herdsman, retired from ... Caedmon manuscript Old English scriptural paraphrases copied about 1000, given in 1651 to the scholar Franciscus Junius by Archbishop James Ussher of Armagh and now in the Bodleian Library, University of Oxford. It contains the poems Genesis, Exodus, Daniel, and Christ and Satan, originally attributed to Caedmon (q.v.) because these subjects correspond ... Caedwalla king of the West Saxons, or Wessex (from 685 or 686), who claimed descent from King Ceawlin. In his youth he was driven from Wessex and led the life of an outlaw, and in 685 he began harrying Sussex. In that year he obtained the Wessex throne and brutally invaded ... Caelius Aurelianus the last of the medical writers of the Western Roman Empire, usually considered the greatest Greco-Roman physician after Galen. Caelius probably practiced and taught in Rome and is now thought to rank second only to the physician Celsus as a Latin medical writer. His most famous work, De morbis acutis ... Caelius Rufus, Marcus Roman politician and close friend of Cicero. He is possibly also the Rufus whom the poet Catullus accused of stealing his mistress Clodia. At her instigation Caelius, who had deserted her, was prosecuted for vis ("violent acts") in 56, but Cicero and Marcus Licinius Crassus spoke in Caelius' defense and ... Caelum constellation in the southern sky at about 5 hours right ascension and 40 south in declination. Caelum is a particularly dim constellation; its brightest star is Gamma Caeli, with a magnitude of 4.8. The French astronomer Nicolas Louis de Lacaille formed this constellation in 1754; it represents a burin, an ... Caen city, capital of Calvados departement, Basse-Normandie region, northwestern France, on the Orne River, 9 miles (14 km) from the English Channel, southwest of Le Havre. It first became important under the Norman dukes in the 10th and 11th centuries and was the capital of lower Normandy in the time of ... Caeneus in Greek mythology, the son of Elatus, a Lapith from the mountains of Thessaly in what is now northern Greece. At the marriage of Pirithous, king of the Lapiths, the Centaurs (creatures part man and part horse), who were guests, attacked the bride and other women. Caeneus joined in the ... Caere ancient city of Etruria, about 30 miles (50 km) northwest of Rome. Through its port, Pyrgi (present-day Santa Severa), the city became an important trading centre in close contact with Carthage, on the northern coast of Africa in what is now Tunisia. Its citizens are reported to have saved Roman ... Caerleon town, archaeological site, and residential suburb of Newport, Newport county borough, historic county of Monmouthshire (Sir Fynwy), Wales, on the River Usk. It was important as the Roman fortress of Isca Silurum, which was, with Deva (Chester) and Eboracum (York), one of the permanent legionary bases in Britain. The foundation ... Caernarfon town, Gwynedd county, historic county of Caernarvonshire (Sir Gaernarfon), Wales, near the west end of the Menai Strait separating the mainland from Anglesey. Caernarvonshire historic county of northwestern Wales, bordered on the north by the Irish Sea, on the east by Denbighshire, on the south by the county of Merioneth and Cardigan Bay, and on the west by Caernarfon Bay and the Menai Strait, which separates it from Anglesey. The total area is 569 ... Caerphilly county borough, southeastern Wales. The area west of the River Rhymney forms part of the historic county of Glamorgan (Morgannwg), and the area east of the river belongs to the historic county of Monmouthshire (Sir Fynwy). Caerphilly county borough extends from the edge of Brecon Beacons National Park in the ... Caerphilly castle town, Caerphilly county borough, historic county of Glamorgan (Morgannwg), Wales. The town grew up outside a 13th-century castle. The still-incomplete structure was destroyed in 1270 by the Welsh prince Llywelyn ap Gruffudd but was rebuilt from 1271 onward, with some 14th-century additions. Covering 30 acres (12 hectares), the castle ... Caesar and Cleopatra four-act play by George Bernard Shaw, written in 1898, published in 1901, and first produced in 1906. It is considered Shaw's first great play. Caesar and Cleopatra opens as Caesar's armies arrive in Egypt to conquer the ancient divided land for Rome. Caesar meets the young Cleopatra crouching at night ... Caesar, Gaius grandson of the Roman emperor Augustus (reigned 27 BCE-14 CE), who would probably, had he survived Augustus, have succeeded to the imperial throne. Caesar, Irving U.S. lyricist. Caesar worked with Henry Ford during World War I before turning to songwriting. Working with various collaborators, he provided the lyrics for such standards as Swanee, Sometimes I'm Happy, Crazy Rhythm, and Tea for Two, one of the most frequently recorded tunes ever written. Caesar, Julius celebrated Roman general and statesman, the conqueror of Gaul (58-50 BC), victor in the Civil War of 49-45 BC, and dictator (46-44 BC), who was launching a series of political and social reforms when he was assassinated by a group of nobles in the Senate House on the Ides of ... Caesar, Julius Roman general and statesman in Shakespeare's Julius Caesar. Shakespeare's portrayal of the celebrated Roman ruler is an ambiguous one, stressing Caesar's weaknesses as well as his noble qualities. Cassius reveals the feelings of the conspirators when he describes Caesar in this way:Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow worldLike a ... Caesar, Sid American comedian who pioneered the television variety show format with the programs Your Show of Shows (1950-54) and Caesar's Hour (1954-57). Caesarea ("Ruins of Caesarea"), ancient port and administrative city of Palestine, on the Mediterranean coast of present-day Israel south of Haifa. It is often referred to as Caesarea Palaestinae, or Caesarea Maritima, to distinguish it from Caesarea Philippi near the headwaters of the Jordan River. Originally an ancient Phoenician settlement known ... Caesarius of Arles, Saint leading prelate of Gaul and a celebrated preacher whose opposition to the heresy of Semi-Pelagianism (q.v.) was one of the chief influences on its decline in the 6th century. Caesarius Of Heisterbach preacher whose ecclesiastical histories and ascetical writings made him one of the most popular authors of 13th-century Germany. caesaropapism political system in which the head of the state is also the head of the church and supreme judge in religious matters. The term is most frequently associated with the late Roman, or Byzantine, Empire. Most modern historians recognize that the legal Byzantine texts speak of interdependence between the imperial ... caesura in modern prosody, a pause within a poetic line that breaks the regularity of the metrical pattern. It is represented in scansion by the sign . The caesura sometimes is used to emphasize the formal metrical construction of a line, but it more often introduces the cadence of natural speech ... Caetani Family noble family of medieval origin, the so-called Anagni branch of which won political power and financial success with the election of Benedetto Caetani (c. 1235-1303) as Pope Boniface VIII (1294-1303; see Boniface VIII). Caetano, Marcello Jose das Neves Alves premier of Portugal from September 1968, when he succeeded Antonio de Oliveira Salazar, until the revolution of April 1974. Cafaggiolo majolica Italian tin-glazed earthenware produced during the early 16th century under Medici patronage in the castle of Cafaggiolo, in Tuscany. The decoration of Cafaggiolo ware is mostly derived from other leading Italian factories, particularly Faenza; but its execution reveals individual, unique artistry. Characteristics of the ware are a rich and even ... cafe small eating and drinking establishment, historically a coffeehouse, usually featuring a limited menu; originally these establishments served only coffee. The English term cafe, borrowed from the French, derives ultimately from the Turkish kahve, meaning coffee. cafeteria self-service restaurant in which customers select various dishes from an open-counter display. The food is usually placed on a tray, paid for at a cashier's station, and carried to a dining table by the customer. The modern cafeteria, designed to facilitate a smooth flow of patrons, is particularly well-adapted to ... Caffaro Di Caschifellone Genoese soldier, statesman, diplomat, and crusader who wrote chronicles that are important sources for the history of the First Crusade and of 12th-century Genoa. caffeine nitrogenous organic compound of the alkaloid group, substances that have marked physiological effects. Caffeine occurs in tea, coffee, guarana, mate, kola nuts, and cacao. Caffey syndrome a hereditary disease of infants, characterized by swellings of the periosteum (the bone layer where new bone is produced) and the bone cortex of the upper arms, shoulder girdle, and lower jaw. The disease is accompanied by fever and irritability; after a series of periodic exacerbations, it subsides spontaneously. Caffieri family family of French sculptors and metalworkers known for their vigorous and original works in the Rococo style. caftan man's full-length garment of ancient Mesopotamian origin, worn throughout the Middle East. It is usually made of cotton or silk or a combination of the two. Cagaba South American Indian group living on the northern and southern slopes of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta of Colombia. Speakers of an Arhuacan language, the Cagaba have lived in this region of steep ravines and narrow valleys for many centuries. They numbered some 10,000 individuals in the early 21st ... Cagayan de Oro city, northern Mindanao, southern Philippines. It lies along the Cagayan River near the head of Macajalar Bay. After its establishment as a mission station in the 17th century, it was fortified by the Spaniards. Cagayan de Oro was chartered as a city in 1950 and has become the transportation and ... Cagayan River longest stream in Luzon, Philippines. It begins its 220-mile (350-kilometre) course in a twisting pattern in the Sierra Madre in northeastern Luzon. It then flows north into a 50-mile- (80-kilometre-) wide fertile valley that is important for the cultivation of rice and tobacco. Ilagan, Isabela, Tuguegarao, and Cagayan are major ...